Kalimat bersyarat (Conditional Sentence) di dalam bahasa Inggris mempunyai 3 bentuk kalimat bersyarat:
Pembagian:
Kalimat bersyarat type 1
Kalimat bersyarat type 2
Kalimat bersyarat type 3
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Conditional Sentence Type 1
Fungsi: Menyatakan pengandalan tentang sesuatu yang mungkin terjadi jika syartanya terpenuhi.
Ciri-ciri:
- Bagian kalimat yang mengandung syarat dimulai dengan kata “IF” (IF Clause)
- Bagian kalimat yang merupakan akibat (hasil) berbentuk present Tense atau Future tense
- Terdapat 3 pola yang digunakan:
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Menyatakan Future Time:
- C: Simple Future
If. C: Simple present
Reality: –
Time Signal: Simple Future
Example: If have money, I will by a new car.
Reality: –
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Menyatakan kebiasaan (habitual action/situation)
M C: Simple Present
If. C: SSimple Present
Reality: –
Time Signal: Simple Future
Example: If you have much money, why do you not buy a new car?
Reality: –
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Menyatakan Perintah
M C: Imperatitive Form (please) + V1 + (O/Adv)!) | (Don’t + V1 + (O/Adv)! )
If: C: Simple Present
Reality: –
Time signal: simple future
Example: Please call me if you need help!
Reality:-
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Conditional Sentence Type 2
Fungsi: Menyatakan pengandaan tentang sesuatu yang bertentangan dengan fakta di masa sekarang.
Ciri-ciri:
- Dalam type 2 semua subject menggunakan “were” di “If clause”nya apabila kalimat tersebut nominal
- Bila ingin menyatakanhasrat atau kemauan menggunakan ‘would”
- Bila ingin menyatakan keharusan menggunakan “should”
Pola Type 2:
M C: Past Future
If C: Simple Past
Reality: Simple present
Time Signal: Present Continues
Example:
C S: I would tell you about it if I were here.
Inversi:
I would tell you about it were I here
Were I here, I would tell you about it.
Reality: I do not tell you because I am not here.
C S: He would come if you invited him
Reality: He does not come because you do not invite him
C S: If it were not raining, you should come here
Reality: Because it is raining, you do not come here
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Conditional Sentence Type 3
Fungsi: Menyatakan pengandaian tentang sesuatu yang bertentangan dengan fakta di masa lampau:
Menyatakan penyesalan tentang sesuatu yang telah terjadi di masa lampau.
- Ciri-ciri:
– Dalam type 3 terdapat pola inversi (perubahan posisi “V + S”) di “if clause”
– Type 3 identik dengan “perfect time”
Pola type 3:
M C: Past Future Perfect
If C: Past Perfect
Reality: Simple Past
Time Signal: Simple Past
Example:
C S: If they had not lost their way, they would have arrived sooner
Inversi:
Had they not lost their way, they would have arrived sooner
They would have arrived sooner had they not lost their way.
Reality: Because they lost their way, they did not arrive sooner.
Note:
Pola Inversi di Conditional Sentence:
If + S + Were jadi Were + S + 3C
If + S + Had jadi Had + S + V3
If + S + Should jadi Should + S + v1
Materi lebih lengkapnya bisa kamu dapatkan di lembaga kursus Global English, Kampung Inggris Pare Kediri Jawa Timur.